Мой любимый писатель (My favorite writer) топик по английскому. Моя любимая группа - это "Linkin Park"
It"s said that none of the British writers of our age enjoyed such popularity all over the world as Agatha Christie did. Her works were translated into many languages, and scores of films were made using them as the script.
The name of Agatha Christie is a synonym for high-class detective story, as well as Pele is a symbol of football, and Marilyn Monroe is an embodiment of femininity. According to Agatha Christie herself, she began to write just to imitate her sister whose stories had already been published in magazines.
And suddenly Agatha Christie became famous as if by miracle. Having lost her father at an early age, the prospective writer didn"t receive even fairly good education. During the First World War she was a nurse, then she studied pharmacology. Twenty years later she worked in a military hospital at the beginning of the Second World War.
The favourite personages of the "queen of detective story" are the detective Hercules Poirot and the sedate Miss Marple who carry out investigations in noisy London and delusive quiet countryside. The composition of her stories is very simple: a comparatively closed space with a limited number of characters, who are often plane or train passengers, tourists, hotel guests or residents of a cosy old village.
Everyone is suspected! Murders in the books of Agatha Christie are committed in most unsuitable places: in the vicar"s garden or in an old abbey; corpses are found in someone"s libraries being murdered with the help of tropical fishes, a poker, candelabra, a dagger or poison. Once Agatha Christie wrote: "Some ten years will pass after my death, and nobody will even remember me...". The writer was mistaken.
Agatha Christie"s novels are very popular now. People of all continents read and reread "The Oriental Express", "Ten Little Negroes", "The Bertram Hotel", "The Corpse in the library" and other of her novels time and again, enjoy films made by her works, and one can hardly find a country where people do not know her name.
Перевод текста: My Favourite English Writer - Мой любимый английский писатель
Говорят, что никто из английских писателей нашего времени не пользовался такой популярностью в мире, как Агата Кристи. Ее произведения переведены на многие языки, и десятки фильмов были сняты на эти сюжеты.
Имя Агаты Кристи — синоним первоклассной детективной истории, так же, как Пеле — символ футбола и Мерилин Монро — воплощение женственности. По словам самой Агаты Кристи, она начала писать, подражая своей сестре, чьи истории уже публиковались в журналах.
И вдруг Агата Кристи стала знаменитой, как в сказке. Потеряв отца, будущая писательница не получила хорошего образования. Во время первой мировой войны она была санитаркой, потом она изучала фармакологию. Двадцать лет спустя, в начале второй мировой войны, она работала в военном госпитале.
Любимые герои "королевы детектива" — Эркюль Пуаро и сдержанная мисс Марпл, которая проводит расследования в шумном Лондоне и в обманчивой тиши деревни. Сюжет ее историй очень прост: сравнительно ограниченное пространство с малым количеством героев: пассажиры самолета или поезда, туристы, жители отеля или обитатели маленькой уютной деревни.
Каждый подозревается! Убийства в книгах Агаты Кристи совершаются в самых неподходящих местах: в саду аптекаря или в старом аббатстве; трупы находят в чьих-то библиотеках убитыми с помощью тропических рыбок, кочергой, канделябром, кинжалом или отравой... Однажды Агата Кристи написала: "Пройдет около десяти лет после моей смерти — и никто меня даже не вспомнит..." Писательница ошиблась.
Романы Агаты Кристи очень популярны и сейчас. Люди всех континентов читают и перечитывают "Восточный экспресс", "Отель "Бертрам", "Десять негритят", "Труп в библиотеке" и другие ее романы, наслаждаются фильмами, снятыми по ее произведениям, и не найти страну, где бы не знали ее имени.
Использованная литература:
1. 100 тем английского устного (Каверина В., Бойко В., Жидких Н.) 2002
2. Английский язык для школьников и поступающих в ВУЗы. Устный экзамен. Топики. Тексты для чтения. Экзаменационные вопросы. (Цветкова И. В., Клепальченко И.А., Мыльцева Н.А.)
3. English, 120 Topics. Английский язык, 120 разговорных тем. (Сергеев С.П.)
My favourite writer is Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. In my opinion, he is the greatest Russian dramatist and short-story writer. I"m never tired of reading and rereading his plays and humorous stories.
Chekhov was bom in 1860 in Taganrog. In 1879 he went to Moscow, where he studied medicine. Though he practised little as a doctor in his lifetime, he was prouder of his medical knowledge more than of his writing talent.
While in college, Chekhov wrote humorous sketches for comic papers to support his family. He collected the best ones into a volume, Motley Stories, in 1886. The book attracted the attention of the publisher of the Novoje Vremja and Chekhov was asked to contribute stories regularly.
Chekhov, as an established writer, managed to develop a style of his own. Though he never gave up writing comic stories, he began working in a more serious vein. In 1887 "Ivanov", his first play, established Chekhov as a dramatist.
From then on, he concentrated on writing plays, as well as short stories.
Chekhov was seriously ill. He had tuberculosis and knew what it meant. By 1892 his health was so bad that he was afraid to spend another winter in Moscow. He bought a small estate near a village Melikhovo, 50 miles from Moscow. He spent 5 years there, and those were happy years in spite of the illness. He wrote some of his best stories there, including "Ward No.6", several well-known one-act comedies and two of his serious dramatic masterpieces, "The Seagull" and "Uncle Vanya".
"The Seagull" was first staged in the Alexandrinsky Theatre in Petersburg. It was a complete failure because of the dull and clumsy production. It was a cruel blow to Chekhov. However, the play was successfully performed as the first production of the Moscow Art Theatre in 1898. From then on, Chekhov was closely connected with this theatre and with its founder, K.S. Stanislavsky. In 1901 he married an Art Theatre actress, Olga Knipper, who acted in his play The Three Sisters the same year.
Chekhov"s health went from bad to worse and he had to spend the remaining years in the Crimea and other health spas.
"The Cherry Orchard", his last play, was produced in 1904. Soon after the first night Chekhov died. He was 44.
Chekhov had an immense influence on the 20th century drama. Besides, several generations of writers both in Russia and abroad studied and imitated Chekhov to perfect their own literary style.
Мой любимый писатель (Антон Павлович Чехов)
Мой любимый писатель - Антон Павлович Чехов. По-моему, он самый великий русский драматург и автор коротких рассказов. Я никогда не устаю читать и перечитывать его пьесы и юмористические рассказы.
Чехов родился в Таганроге в 1860 году. В 1879 году он уехал в Москву, где изучал медицину. Хотя он мало практиковал как врач в своей жизни, он гордился своими медицинскими знаниями больше, чем писательским талантом.
В университете, Чехов писал юмористические рассказы для газет, чтобы поддерживать свою семью. Он собрал лучшие в сборник "Пестрые рассказы", в 1886 году. Книга привлекла внимание издателя Нового Времени, крупной газеты в России, и Чехову было предложено сотрудничать регулярно.
Чехову, как признаному писателю, удалось разработать свой собственный стиль. Хотя он никогда не бросал писать юмористические рассказы, он начал работать в более серьезном ключе. В 1887 "Иванов", первая пьеса, созданная Чеховым, ознаменовала его как драматурга.
С тех пор он сконцентрировался на написании пьес, а также коротких рассказов.
Чехов был серьезно болен. Он болел туберкулезом и знал, что это значит. К 1892 его здоровье было настолько плохо, что он боялся провести еще одну зиму в Москве. Он купил небольшое имение близ деревни Мелихово, в 50 километрах от Москвы. Он провел там 5 лет, и это были счастливые годы, несмотря на болезнь. Он написал там несколько своих лучших рассказов, в том числе "Палата № 6", несколько известных одноактных комедий и два серьезных драматических шедевра, "Чайка" и "Дядя Ваня".
"Чайка" была впервые поставлена в Александринском театре в Петербурге. Это был полный провал из-за скучной и неуклюжой постановки. Это было жестоким ударом для Чехова. Тем не менее, пьеса была успешно поставлена Московским Художественным театром в 1898 году. С тех пор, Чехов была тесно связан с этим театром, и с его основателем, К. С. Станиславским. В 1901 г. он женился на актрисе МХАТ, О. Л. Книппер, которая играла в его пьесе "Три сестры" в том же году.
Здоровье Чехова становилось все хуже и хуже, и ему пришлось провести оставшиеся годы в Крыму и других курортах.
"Вишневый сад ", свою последнюю пьесу он выпустил в 1904 году. Вскоре после премьеры Чехов скончался. Ему было 44.
Чехов оказал огромное влияние на драму двадцатого века. Кроме того, несколько поколений писателей в России и за рубежом изучали его творчество и подражали ему, чтобы совершенствовать свой собственный литературный стиль.
My Favourite Writer – Мой любимый писатель
My favorite writer is Charles Dickens and I’m fond of reading his books. He is very popular English writer and novelist.
Dickens was born in Portsmouth February 7, 1812, and spent his childhood in Kent and London, both of which frequently appear in his novels.
He went to school being at the age of nine. When his father was committed to prison for debt in 1824, Dickens interrupted the school. The boy started working in a factory. Then from 1824 to 1826 Dickens attended the school again. However, at most, he was self-educated.
In 1827 Charles Dickens started to work as a legal clerk. Dickens published the first series of descriptive sketches in December 1833, using the pseudonym Boz. These series describe the daily life in London.
The success of the first novel The Pickwick Papers brought popularity to Dickens. And then he maintained subsequently his fame with a great string of novels.
Being a man of wide talents and enormous energy, he also dealt in other different activities. He composed the travel books such as Pictures from Italy and American Notes, edited the weekly periodicals such as All the Year Round and Household Words, administered charity organizations, and also pressed for numerous social reforms. In 1843 he was published a wonderful Christmas Carol, an ever-popular children story.
In June 9, 1870 he suffered a fatal flood stroke and was buried in the Westminster Abbey. He contributed much to the world literature, he wrote Bleak House, The Pickwick Papers, Dombey and Son, Oliver Twist, and other stories and novels.
Мой любимый писатель – Чарльз Диккенс, и я обожаю чтение его книг. Он известный английский писатель и новеллист.
Диккенс родился в г. Портсмут 7 февраля 1812 года, а провел свое детство в Лондоне и Кенте, которых он изображал в своих рассказах.
В возрасте девяти лет он пошел в школу. Но когда его отца посадили в тюрьму за долги, он был вынужден оставить школу. Мальчик пошел работать на завод. Затем с 1824 по 1826 Диккенс снова ходил в школу. Но по большей части он занимался самообразованием.
В 1827 Чарльз Диккенс получил работу клерка. В декабре 1833 Диккенс опубликовал свои беллетристические очерки под псевдонимом Боз. Эти очерки изображали повседневную жизнь Лондона.
Успех Посмертных записок Пиквикского клуба принес популярность Диккенсу. И затем для поддержания своей славы, он создал вереницу новых рассказов.
Будучи человеком талантливым и энергичным, он также занимался другими видами деятельности. Он создал книги путевых заметок, такие как Американские заметки и Картинки из Италии, издавал еженедельники – «Круглый год» и «Домашнее чтение», возглавлял благотворительные организации, а также настоял на многих социальных реформах. В 1843 он опубликовал замечательную Рождественская песнь, неизменно популярную детскую повесть.
9 июня 1870 он перенес фатальный инсульт и был похоронен на Аббатском кладбище. Он внес огромный вклад в мировую литературу, он написал Холодный дом, Посмертные записки Пиквикского клуба, роман Домби и сын, Оливер Твист и много других рассказов и повестей.
Western Kazakhstan is a land, where Makhambet, batyr and long-suffering poet-stormy petrel, was born. All his life unclouded childhood and his youth had passed. All his life “started with joy and ended in failure” passed on this land – on the shore of Edil and yaik, on sands of naryn, Beketai and Taisoigan.
For us and for the future generation these sand-hills, these “lakes and waters of the sandstone”, these delicate willows, even a lonely plane-tree, a lonely bush of wornwood, these eternally sleeping boulders are the sacred heritage of Makhambet’s time.
So long as Kazakh people “could not live independently” (A.Baitursynov), a land between Edil and Yaik had been under foreign possession since 1731 to 1801, when Abulkhair-khan adopted a Russian citizenship. Only in 1801 a white tsar of Russia gave Bokey a permission to use the samara steppe. The Decree of Tsar Paul I runs: “While accepting sultan Bokey Nuralykhanuly, governing the Khan Council of Small Orda, in our citizenship, I allow him to roam all over this land; as a token of accord I award him a golden medal with my portrait”.
In the beginning, all those events taking place aroud the khan seemed appropriate to Isatai and Makhambet. At that time they were the Elders of two districts. However, in the course of time, a capricious egoist Jangir started displaying unprecedented unlawful actions. A brave man, as well as a poet with a tender heart, Makhambet was a soul of the uprising, and he was the first who urged isatai on the way of resolute armed struggle.
“The gravest unlawful action was the fact that the land graned by the tsar to Kazakh people, was considered by Jangir as his wn property. He created a view, according to which, the land of common people had been the khan’s property. In 1836 he announced 400.000 acres of land, grated by the tsar to Kazakh people, as the khan’s share. The remaining land was distributed to his relatives and tore. He started taking lands away from tribes, villages he did not like. (K.Dosmukhamedov)
As a result, “In a fussy spring of 1836, people’s anger against the khan and the khodjas; against the tore and the tulengits, against their tsar-patron, turned into a general uprising. The people, with their own hand, sealed Isatai on a horse and hoisted his flag with horse-hair on the top of the lofty hill. A bloody fight against the tsar’s troops and khan’s yassak, which lasted one and half years, has started.” (B.Amanshin).
My favourite Kazakh writer
My favorite Kazakh writer, Mukhtar Auezov, was born in 1897. He is a man of encyclopedic knowledge and erudition. Mukhtar Auezov is a significant person both in his life and creative activity. He wrote more than twenty plays and many magnificent stories. The top of his activity was the epopee about Abai. The first 20 years of Auezov’s life resemble the childhood, youth and young years of his favourite poet and spiritual teacher- Abai. Later in his famous work he described the same steppe, the same aul, the same social atmosphere.
With his works, Mukhtar Auezov raised the Kazakh literature up to the highest level. Many works of different genres belong to him.
His brilliant translations of world literary classics confirm his great talent. He published many interesting articles, made reports, composed textbooks and read lectures in colleges and universities. His professional researches became basis for some new branches in studying folklore, epos, history and linguistics of the Turks. He was elected as a professor of the Moscow State University.
His main work is closely connected with the image of the great son of the Kazakh people Abai. He devoted more than 15 years of his life to writing this book. This book was the most significant for him. As the writer said, the process of writing the novels about Abai turned into the most fascinating business of all his life. This book was called the original encyclopedia of many-sided features of the Kazakh people mode of life. It opened a vivid variety of culture and history of the ancient land and showed the riches of its customs and traditions to the whole world.
The works written by Mukhtar Auezov are still popular even now and are considered the original classics of the Kazakh literature. His name remained eternally in the memory of many people.
SAKEN SEYFULLIN
Seyfullin Saken was the founder of the modern Kazakh literature. He was also a poet and a writer, a statesman and a prominent member of the Communist Party of (Bolsheviks). He was born in winter quarters named Karashilik of modern Shet area, Karagandy region. He received education at the Nildin Russian-Kazakh School (1905 - 1908) and primary parochial school (1908 −1910). Saken graduated from the Akmola College in 1913 and the Omsk Teachers Seminary in 1916. Saken Seyfullin published his first collection of poems in 1914 in the city of Kazan under the name "Otken Kunder" ("The Past Days"). Seyfullin worked as the teacher of Russian Language in the village of Silety-Bugyly, wrote poems in support of national liberation movement in 1916 in Kazakhstan. In 1917 after the February Revolution he moved to Akmolinsk (today the city of Astana), wrote poems, created an organization named "Zhas Kazakh" ("Young Kazakh"), participated in publishing a newspaper "Tirshilik" ("Life"). He was a member of youth organization "Birlik" ("Unity"). He wrote one of the first works about the destiny of Kazakh woman - narrative under the name "Zhubatu" ("Consolation", 1917). In December 1917 he was elected a member of the Akmola Council of Deputies and appointed Commissar of Education. In 1917 he published a play named "Bakyt Zholynda" ("The Path to Happiness", 1917). It was a work of drama calling people for revolutionary struggle.
In June 1918 after the military coup he was arrested and thrown into "the carriage of death" of Ataman Annenkov. He was sent to a prison in the city of Omsk from which he escaped on April 3, 1919. After that he returned to his native village and then moved to Aulie-Ata (today the city of Taraz). In 1920 Saken Seyfullin came back to Akmolinsk where he was appointed Deputy Chairman of the Executive Committee and Head of the Administrative Division. At the first Founding Congress of Soviets of Kazakhstan (on October 4, 1920 in the city of Orenburg) Seyfullin was elected member of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In the 1920s Seyfullin became editor at the Yenbekshi Kazakh (Working Kazakh) Newspaper, at the Kyzyl Kazakhstan (Red Kazakhstan) Journal. He was also appointed Deputy People’s Commissar for Education. In 1920 his play under the name "Kyzyl Sunkarlar" ("Red Eagles") was issued. In 1922 at the third congress of Soviets of Kazakhstan Seyfullin was elected Chairman of Committee of Soviet Commissars of the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. He also became a member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and of the Presidium of the Kazakh Central Executive Committee. In 1925 Seyfullin was appointed Chairman of the Research Centre under the People’s Commissariat of Education of the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
He worked as editor at the Adebiet Maydany (Literary Front) Journal. He also taught student at the Kyzylorda Institute of People’s Education, Institute of Journalism in Tashkent and Kazakh Pedagogical Institute in Alma-Ata. In the 1920s Saken Seyfullin wrote several articles, related to world and Kazakh literature, which are still popular and interesting for readers. In 1922 a collection of poems under the name "Asau Tulpar" ("Indomitable Horse") was issued in Orenburg. The poems "Dombyra" ("Dombra", 1924), "Sovetstan" (1924) and "Express" (1926) were published in separate books. Saken Seyfullin was an innovator in poetry. Having analyzed poetic traditions of Kazakh people, he renovated form and character of Kazakh poetry, introduced new themes and images in it. The poet also changed structure of strophes, rhythmic, syntax and intonation of Kazak poems. His historical and memoir novel "Tar Zhol, Taygak Keshu" ("Thorny Path") was published in 1927. In this work, Seyfullin showed the struggle of Kazakh nation against the Tsarism, participation of Kazakhs in revolution and their fight for establishment of Soviet power in Kazakhstan. Throughout his creative work Saken Seyfullin paid much attention to collection, analysis, classification and publication of monuments of Kazakh folklore.
The writer made a significant contribution to preparation of several works, including "Kazakhtyn Yeski Adebiety Nuskalary" ("Samples of Ancient Kazakh Literature", 1931), Kazakh version of the poem "Leyli and Majnun", book "Kazakh Adebiety" ("Kazakh Literature", 1932), and so on. Written in the 1930s poems "Albatros" ("Albatross", 1933) and "Kyzyl At" ("Red Horse", 1934) demonstrated Seyfullin’s position concerning occurred social phenomena. In his poem named "Kyzyl At" Seyfullin assessed all excesses committed during agricultural collectivization in Kazakhstan in the 1930s. In the 1930s Saken Seyfullin took part in discussions on the current problems of literature life. He even gave a report at the First Congress of Writers of Kazakhstan (1934) and the First All-Union Congress of Soviet Writers (1934). In 1935 he issued the prose "Aysha" and narrative "Zhemister" ("Fruitage"). The writer also participated in preparation of school textbook on Kazakh literature. Seyfullin played a crucial role in education of literary men. He supported such writers as B. Maylin, S. Mukanov, G. Musrepov, G. Mustafin, T. Zharokov, and to name but a few. He assisted them in publishing their first works. Seyfullin edited and wrote prefaces for their books. M. Karataev, K. Bekkhozhin, Zh. Sain and many others took lessons from Saken Seyfullin. Seyfullin’s works were published in many languages. He was the first Kazakh writer who was awarded the Order of Red Banner of Labor. Unfortunately, he didn’t finished his novels "Bizdin Turmys" ("Our Life") and "Sol Zhyldarda" ("At that time") which told about the life of his contemporaries. In 1938 Saken Seyfullin was repressed. The writer was executed by shooting in Almaty.
In 1958 Seyfullin was rehabilitated (posthumously). In 1985 the Memorial Museum of Saken Seyfullin was opened in Tselinograd (today the city of Astana). In Kazakhstan there are theatres, schools, libraries and streets named after him. There is a monument in Akmola (Astana) created and placed in honour of the writer. The State Agrarian University, which situated in Astana, was named after Saken Seyfullin. Many artistic works were dedicated to him, including Mukanov’s play "Saken Seyfullin", Musrepov’s narrative "Kezdespey Ketken Bir Beyne" ("Once and Forever"), poems of A. Tazhibaev, A. Tokmagambetov, K. Bekkhozhin. Research papers of M. Karataev, B. Ismailov, S. Kirabaev, T. Kakishev, G. Serebryakova and others were focused on Seyfullin’s life and creative work.
Magzhan Zhumabayev
Magzhan Bekenuly Zhumabayev was born on 25 June 1893 in Sassykkul Tract if Sary-Aigyr volost in Petropavlovsky uezd. He died on 19 March 1938 in Alma-Ata. Magzhan comes from a rich family; his father was bii, the head of the volost. When he was four, he started to learn oriental languages and literature. Magzhan’s early poems were not preserved. He continued mastering the Arabic, Persian and Turkish languages in Begishev madrasah in Kzyl-Orda having obtained there secondary Moslem education. In 1910, he entered Galiya madrasah, the higher Islamic educational institution in Ufa City. But following the advice of his teacher, Galymzhan Ibragimov, who became the classicist of Tatar literature, Magzhan started looking for other ways of education. With Ibragimov’s help, young Magzhan’s works were published for the first time in 1912 in Kazan. In the same period with the support of Mirzhakyp Dulatov and Akmet Baitursynov, he started learning Russian, getting acquainted with Russian and European literature, and cooperates with “Kazakh” newspaper. In 1913, Magzhan entered Omsk Pedagogic Seminary. During these years in Omsk Magzhan took part in the creation of “Birlik” (Unity) Society; he was the editor of the hand-written magazine “Balapan”.
With his first steps in poetry, Magzhan reveals his unique talent. He gained wide recognition thanks to his poetic collection “Sholpan” (1912). The first stage of the creating way covers the period from 1910 to February 1917. His poems based on the historical facts appealed to the national fight for liberty. In his poem “Past” Magzhan called the names of fight heroes against Zhungar conquerors. The real hero for him was the one who “remembered about his nation”.
He dealt with journalism; he worked in the area of enlightenment, published in 1922 the book named “Pedagogy”. For certain time Magzhan was the editor of the newspaper “Bostandyk Tuy” (“Freedom Flag”) published in Omsk and after 1921 in Petropavlovsk.
Intensive and fruitful life period of Zhumabayev is related to Tashkent where he moved in 1922 and where he created his tale “Batyr Bayan”, poems about Turkestan, articles about Akan Sery, Bukhar Zhyrau, and Abubakir Divayev. He cooperated with the newspaper “Ak Zhol” and the magazine “Sholpan”. Here, in Tashkent, and in Kazan in 1922-23 he published two collections of poems where he had revealed his gifts. Magzhan belonged to the generation of the poets, which for the first time in the regions Central Asia and Kazakhstan joined two directions of spiritual development of the nations in East and West.
My favourite Kazakh poet
Makataev Mukagali Kazakh Soviet poet, writer and translator was born on February 9, 1931, in the village of Karasaz, in Alma-Ata region, in the foothills of the Great Khan Tengri. He graduated from the Literary Institute named by Gorky.
He worked as a secretary and head of the red yurt, an employee of the Komsomol, the literary staff of the local newspaper. In 1954-1962 he worked as a radio announcer on Kazakh, a teacher, in the years 1962-1972 - head of department of newspapers "Sotsialistіk Kazakstan", "Kazakh әdebietі" magazines "Madeniet zhane turmys", "Zhuldyz", in the years 1972-1973 - the literature consultant of the Union of Writers of Kazakhstan.
He was a author of "Life is a legend," "Life is a river", "Mozart"s Requiem", "Favorites." Song of his poem "Sarzhaylyau" became popular. He was translated into Kazakh Russian classics, foreign literature, including Walt Whitman, "The Divine Comedy" by Dante. His name is put in front of them, Abay Auezova and other classics of Kazakh literature. He was a laureate of the State Prize of Kazakhstan ... Mukagali and his peers have become the main labor force and replaced the adult men who had gone to the front. They grazed cattle and plowed land, harvest and threshing. Along with the women and old men they considered themselves to be responsible for a life in the rear and very proud of it.
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It is very difficult for me to choose out of them one name as my favourite writer because I can’t say I’ve read enough and know enough about English literature to make the right judgement. Yet, when I think about it, the first name that comes to my mind is that of Charles Dickens.
This English classic is well-known in our country. His books are translated into Russian and many films have been made after his novels.
Bom in 1812 in Portsmouth, he was the second of the eight children in the family. Although not poor by the standards of the time, the Dickens family lived through a series of financial crises. In 1823 facing a financial ruin, the family moved to London, where Charles began to work in a warehouse for six shillings a week. At that time his father was arrested for debt. Only at the age of twelve Charles was sent to school, where he did well, and at the age of fifteen he got a job in a legal firm. After learning shorthand, he became a reporter for the «Morning Chronicle» and soon wrote «Pickwick Papers». In 1836, when «Pickwick Papers» were published, he became the most popular living novelist in England and held this position until he died. The rest can be told in a few words. He published novel after novel- «Oliver Twist», «Nickolas Nickleby», «The Old Curiosity Shop», «David Copperfield», «Little Dorrit» and many others. Besides constantly writing novels he was editing newspapers and magazines, giving readings from his books to huge crowds of people.
There was no other novelist in England who had such a hold on all classes of people already during his lifetime. His books were read by all - by learned and simple people, by the rich and the poor alike.
The popularity of his books hasn’t diminished with time. The great-heartedness of the author appeals to the contemporary reader as much as it did a century ago. His kindly, understanding eye looks with tolerance on good and bad alike.
The last book by Ch.Dickens I’ve read is «Oliver Twist». It’s a very touching story about the hard life of English orphans in the workhouse. The miserable adventures of Oliver Twist can’t leave the reader indifferent. There is no better description of children’s suffering in the world of cruelty and greediness as there’s always a glimpse of hope for every character of his books, because Dickens believes in kindness and generosity of people. It’s not just a happy end that his books have, it’s a philosophy which gives optimism and faith to the reader.
I’ve read several books by American writers. The first American writer who came my way was Jack London whose stories struck me by unusual situations and the courage of his heroes. I also admire the humour of Mark Twain. I’ve read some of his stories and, of course, «The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn». A few years later I happened to read «А Farewell to Arms» by Ernest Hemingway and since then I’ve been fascinated by this great American writer.
When I read his biography I was impressed by his personality. He was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. His life was full of adventures and events that required courage, strong will and determination. He began his career as a brave war correspondent during the first world war. The scope of his interests was incredibly wide.
His war experience and adventurous life provided the background for many of his short stories and novels. He achieved success with «А Farewell to Arms», the story of a love affair between an American lieutenant and an English nurse during the first world war.
Hemingway actively supported the Republicans in the Spanish civil war. In his articles he denounced the fascist regime of Franco. «The Fifth Column» is a play about the Civil War in Spain.
In 1940 Hemingway completed the novel «For Whom the Bell Tolls». It’s a story about a young American teacher of Spanish who joins the Spanish partisans and gives his life for the cause of freedom.
In 1952 Hemingway finished his tale «The Old Man and the Sea». This story about an old Cuban fisherman is a hymn to human courage and endurance. Hemingway was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1954.
Hemingway is famous for his simple style, which has been widely imitated but never achieved by other writers. His heroes
show courage in the face of danger, the feature which Hemingway admired greatly and which he himself possessed. Unwilling to live with the grave physical disease, Hemingway committed suicide, as his father had done before him under similar circumstances.
As far as Russian literature is concerned it’s hard to name one favourite writer and one favourite book especially if we talk about the 19th and the beginning of the the 20th centuries, known as the «golden» and «silver» periods in the Russian culture. Such giants of Russian literature as A.Pushkin, I.Turgenev, F.Dostoyevsky, L.Tolstoy, A.Chekhov and many others are known all over the world.
The writer who stands out of this list for me is Dostoyevsky. I look upon him not only as a great writer but a great philosopher as well. His ideas had an immense influence on the literature that followed and his deep penetration into the human soul and the motives of people’s behaviour impresses the modern reader as much as it did his contemporaries.
Dostoyevsky was bom in Moscow in 1821 into a many-children family of a doctor. Though the Dostoyevskies were a middle-class family the father was able to provide the best education for his sons. They studied at one of the most prestigious Moscow private schools of the time. After leaving school, F. Dostoyevsky entered the Engineering College in St.Petersburg. He started writing at the age of 25. His first publication was the novel «Poor People». In 1849 he was arrested for his political views and spent four years of his life as a convict.
Some years later Dostoyevsky and his brother Michael, who was his best friend throughout his life, started publishing a literary magazine «The Time». His world-famous masterpieces were all written between 1850 and 1880. For many years Dostoyevsky suffered from epilepsy and that caused his death in 1881.
Among his outstanding novels are «The Brothers Karamazov», «Humiliated and Abused», «Crime and Punishment», «The Idiot», «Demons». I’ve read all of them, but I think I am most impressed by «The Idiot».
In this novel Dostoyevsky wanted to depict a living ideal man. As he was deeply interested in religion and knew a lot about it, he was convinced that Jesus Christ was the only positive person in the history of mankind. That is why the main character of the novel, Pri nce Myshkin, resembles Christ in his qualities and intentions. Myshkin was Dostoyevsky’s favourite character. He comes back to Russia from Switzerland, but can’t find his place in the society of «the cult of money». He argues with other characters of the novel about beauty and morality. But like Griboyedov’s hero Chatsky he can’t change much about the world he lives in. Myshkin can’t be understood by the society which considers him «an idiot». Dostoyevsky contrasts two different approaches to human virtues and beauty. The main character says that beauty will save the world. But in the end he realizes that it is beauty that should be rescued. Unable to adjust to the cruel society he found himself in, he becomes mentally ill and is taken back to Switzerland.
